ENGL 202
Prof. G. Steinberg
Inflection

Examine the following sentences in Malay.

Ini kuda.		This is a horse.
Ini ali.		This is Ali.
Ali bagus.		Ali is good.
Ali menjual kuda itu.		Ali sells that horse.
Kuda ali bagus.		Ali's horse is good.
Jualan ini bagus.		This merchandise is good.
Kuda ini dijual oleh ali.		This horse is sold by Ali.
Ali penjual kain.		Ali is a cloth seller.

List all the morphemes in the data, giving their meanings or explaining their uses in each case.

Based on the prior data, are these statements true or false?

1. Every Malay sentence must have a verb.
2. Malay has no possessive morpheme.
3. Malay has no indefinite article.

Translate into English:

Kuda bagus ini kuda ali.

Translate into Malay:

1. Ali's merchandise is cloth.
   
   
   
   
   
2. This is a good horse.
   
   
   
   
   
3. This horse is good.
   
   
   
   
   

If mendidik means 'educate,' what is the probable meaning of the following?

1. pendidik
   
   
   
   
   
2. didikan
   
   
   
   
   

Examine the Latin sentences below.

Senator gladiator erat.		The senator was a gladiator.
Crater senatoris est.		It is the senator's bowl
Structor senatorem aspexit.		The carpenter looked at the senator.
Senatorem aspexit structor.		The carpenter looked at the senator.
Senator aspexit structorem.		The senator looked at the carpenter.
Structorem senator aspexit.		The senator looked at the carpenter.
Senator sororem gladiatoris aspexit.		The senator looked at the gladiator's sister.
Structor craterem senatori dedit.		The carpenter gave the bowl to the senator.
Gladiatori craterem dedit senator.		The senator gave the bowl to the gladiator.

Translate into English:

Gladiatori structorem senator commendavit.  (commendavit = 'recommended')

Translate into Latin:

The gladiator gave the carpenter's bowl to the senator's sister.

Analyze the Turkish nouns below and provide a list of their constituent morphemes, along with glosses for each.

Turkish	English
kitap	book
at	horse
oda	room
sap	stalk
elma	apple
masa	table
adamlar	men
elmalar	apples
odalar	rooms
atlar	horses
saplar	stalks
masalar	tables
sonlar	ends
meyvar	fruit (singular)

How would you say books, man, end, and fruit (plural) in Turkish?

Given Turkish odada (meaning 'in the room') and masalarda (meaning 'on the tables'), how would you say 'in the books' and 'on the horse' in Turkish?

Provide the plural form of the following nouns in Turkish:  lokanta ('restaurant'), karar ('decision'), gram ('eye').

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