ENGL 202
Prof. G. Steinberg
Sound Changes

Below are eighteen cognate sets in four languages of the little-known Spiiktumi family.  Reconstruct the etymons (original forms) in proto-Spiiktumi for each of the cognate sets in the data, and identify the sound changes that have taken place in each daughter language.  NOTE:  The affricate [tš] is the equivalent of c with a caret -- the IPA symbol for the "ch" sound.

W X Y Z proto-Spiiktumi
pamut panti pamuti pamut  

 

sit sido šiðo sid  

 

denubo dembo denubo denubo  

 

leluk leruge leruge lelug  

 

sudan sudano suðano sudan  

 

unik unga uniga unig  

 

tšomus tšomusi tšomuši šomus  

 

lahuk lahka lauka lahuk  

 

banubin bambini banubini banubi  

 

lahuk rahgo raugo lahug  

 

hefum hefmo hefumo hefum  

 

sehubat sehubda šehubaða sehubad  

 

tehigem tehgemo teigemo tehige  

 

yunup yumbi yunubi yunub  

 

famagi famgi famagi famagi  

 

tšasinokom tšasinkomo tšašinokomo šasinokom  

 

suda suda suða suda  

 

kahihanom kahkammo kaihanomo kahihanom  

 


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