LIT 251
Prof. G. Steinberg

 

Response Paper:  Beowulf

Beowulf is full of brief digressions that mention other characters and stories in passing.  But these digressions really aren't digressions at all.  The characters and stories to which they allude are parallel to the characters and stories that the Beowulf poet is telling.  So, whenever Beowulf begins to digress into a side story, pay close attention to the themes and values that the side story suggests.  Those themes and values are going to be important for the main story of Beowulf as well.  The digressions in Beowulf reflect on the characters and events of the main plot in really interesting, important ways.

Choose one of the following areas as the focus of your response paper:

  1. Beowulf begins by talking about Shield Sheafson ("Scyld Scefing" in the original Old English).  This brief history of Shield's life ends with the comment, "That was one good king" (line 11).  So, what is a good king for the Beowulf poet?  What are the elements that define a good king?  Is Hrothgar a good king?  What of the many other kings mentioned in passing in the poem?  Why are some good and some evil?
  2. Beowulf is clearly a hero.  What defines a hero for the Beowulf poet?  What are the heroic qualities of Beowulf?  Is a hero the same thing as a good king?  Are the criteria of evaluation and expectations the same for both?  What other heroes are mentioned in passing in the poem?  What qualities do these other heroes share with Beowulf?
  3. How are women portrayed in Beowulf?  What role do women play in the Beowulf poet's society?  What women are mentioned in passing in the poem?  What qualities define them as good or evil women?  How does Grendel's mother fit into the picture?  Is she, as a monster, outside the social norms for human women, or do those social norms for human women reflect negatively on her monstrous behavior?  How does Beowulf interact with women?  Are his interactions with women normal and unremarkable, or are they unusual in any way?

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